Cameroon is often called “Africa in miniature” for good reason. Within its borders, travelers can explore coastal beaches, dense rainforests, vast savannas, active volcanoes, and snow-capped peaks, all without crossing a border. The country’s most iconic landmark, Mount Cameroon, is the highest mountain in West Africa and an active volcano that draws hikers from around the world.

Fianarantsoa is a hilltop city in Madagascar’s central highlands and the capital of Haute Matsiatra region. Its name means “place of good learning,” reflecting the city’s long association with education and religious institutions. Built across a series of hills, Fianarantsoa overlooks valleys filled with rice fields, farmland, and scattered villages.

At Chile's northernmost end, the dizzying railway from high Bolivia comes down to the sea. Arica, the City of Eternal Spring, has a population of 169,000. and is located in the Atacama Desert. See San Marcos Cathedral, designed by Gustave Eiffel, and marvel at Pre-Incan relics in the City Museum. Or leave the city to venutre to the White City of Arequipa, the Incan capital of Cuzco and Machu Picchu and the ancient Inca city in the clouds.

Panama is a country shaped by its geography and defined by its role in global history. The Panama Canal remains its most iconic feature as a 50-mile engineering marvel that connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Visitors can watch ships pass through the Miraflores Locks from a dedicated observation deck or explore the interactive museum that explains how the canal changed international trade forever.

Toyama is a regional capital on the Sea of Japan coast, set between Toyama Bay and the mountains of the Northern Japan Alps. The city is known for its close relationship with both the sea and the alpine interior, with waterways, fertile plains, and snow-fed rivers shaping the surrounding landscape. Toyama also serves as a gateway to the Tateyama Kurobe Alpine Route and the mountain communities of the wider prefecture.